A Guide to the characteristics of Class Aves

Aves (birds)

Birds are vertebrates with feathers, modified for flight and for active metabolism. Birds are a monophyletic lineage, evolved once from a common ancestor, and all birds are related through that common origin. There are a few kinds of birds that don't fly, but their ancestors did, and these birds have secondarily lost the ability to fly. Modern birds have traits related to hot metabolism, and to flight:


Palaeognathae (the ratites and tinamous)

Order Tinamiformes -- tinamous
Order Struthioniformes -- ostrich and allies


Neognathae (all other modern birds)

Order Podicipediformes -- grebes
Order Sphenisciformes -- penguins
Order Procellariiformes -- albatrosses and fulmars
Order Pelecaniformes -- cormorants and pelicans
Order Anseriformes -- waterfowl (ducks, geese, swans)
Order Phoenicopteriformes -- flamingos
Order Ciconiiformes -- herons, storks, New World vultures and relatives
Order Falconiformes -- hawks and vultures
Order Galliformes -- domestic fowl and game birds
Order Gruiformes -- cranes, hemipodes, gallinules
Order Charadriiformes -- gulls and shore birds
Order Gaviiformes -- divers, loons
Order Columbiformes -- doves and pigeons
Order Psittaciformes -- parrots
Order Coliiformes -- mousebirds
Order Musophagiformes -- turacos
Order Cuculiformes -- cuckoos
Order Strigiformes -- owls
Order Caprimulgiformes -- goatsuckers
Order Apodiformes -- swifts and hummingbirds
Order Trogoniformes -- trogons
Order Coraciiformes -- rollers, kingfishers and relatives
Order Piciformes -- woodpeckers, toucans and relatives
Order Passeriformes -- songbirds, or passerines and perching birds


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